Soy Chemistry Literature

This study presents the development of 3D-printable biobased eutectogels that integrate acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) with natural deep eutectic solvents (DES) to create hydrophobic, conductive soft materials suitable for underwater electromyography (EMG) recording. The research explores the tunability of the eutectogels' mechanical, electrochemical, and water-repellent properties by ...

This study evaluates the performance of high oleic soybean oil (HOSO) as a sustainable alternative to diesel oil in oil-based drilling muds, with implications for both lubricant and biodiesel applications. The research compares the rheological, filtration, and thermal properties of drilling fluids formulated with HOSO versus conventional diesel oil.

Full citation: Agwu, O. E., Okon, A. N., & Udoh ...

This Learning Object explores the development of a soybean oil-based superhydrophobic polyurethane film that demonstrates long-lasting antifouling and abrasion resistance. The study highlights the synthesis of bio-based polyols derived from epoxidized soybean oil and their subsequent integration into polyurethane coatings enhanced with superhydrophobically modified silica nanoparticles and OH–PDMS ...

This study presents the development and evaluation of a formaldehyde-free wood adhesive composed of soy flour (SF) and a novel curing agent (CA) synthesized from epichlorohydrin (ECH) and ammonium hydroxide. The adhesive was tested on various plywood configurations (seven-ply, five-ply yellow poplar, and five-ply aspen) and assessed for water resistance using standardized soak and boil tests. The ...

This study presents a novel method for producing particleboard using a formaldehyde-free adhesive composed of soy flour (SF) and a curing agent (CA). Traditional soy-based adhesives are too viscous for direct application in particleboard manufacturing. To overcome this, the researchers developed a two-step process: first coating wood particles with a dilute soy slurry, followed by drying and ...

This educational resource introduces a microfluidic-based molecular fluorescence spectroscopy experiment designed for freshmen enrolled in General Chemistry courses. The experiment focuses on the detection of transgenic soybeans by analyzing nucleic acids using a centrifugal microfluidic platform combined with loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). It serves as an interdisciplinary ...

This article looks at the integration of innovative teaching methodologies through two case studies: “Plasticized Childhood” (exploring the environmental and health impacts of plastic toys) and “Unpacking Burgers” (a look into the complexities of plant-based meat alternatives). The Classroom Observation method was used to analyze and observe student interactions and learning outcomes while ...

This study evaluates the use of sunflower oil and soybean oil as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic gear lubricants in helical gear systems. Conducted using a gear test rig, the research measured kinematic viscosity and viscosity index of both oils over 80 hours of operation. Findings revealed that while both oils possess high viscosity indices and perform well at high temperatures, sunflower ...

This study, conducted by Nicola L. B. Pohl, Jennifer M. Streff, and Steve Brokman at Iowa State University, presents a comparative laboratory experiment designed for undergraduate organic chemistry students. The experiment explores the saponification and transesterification of plant oils (soybean, rapeseed, and olive) to produce soap and biodiesel, respectively.

Key Learning Objectives & ...

This learning object explores the synthesis, characterization, and performance evaluation of biobased epoxies derived from rosin diacid and dimer fatty acid, focusing on their complementary mechanical, thermal, and curing properties. The study presents a modified two-step synthesis of diglycidyl ester-type epoxies using calcium oxide as a water scavenger to improve yield and epoxy content. The ...

This study investigates the tribological (frictional) behavior of engine lubricants diluted with biodiesel derived from coconut oil (CME) and soybean oil (SME). As concerns grow over fossil fuel depletion and greenhouse gas emissions, biodiesel is explored as a renewable, lower-emission alternative. However, its use in compression ignition engines can lead to lubricant dilution, potentially ...

Tofu, a traditional Chinese food, is widely consumed around the world, yet the chemistry behind its production is often overlooked. This study presents a simple demonstration designed for lower-level undergraduate courses in organic chemistry or biochemistry to elucidate the key principles involved in the tofu-making process. The research highlights the role of heat treatment in denaturing soy ...

GrowNextGen published this curriculum that includes lesson plans on understanding soybeans as a chemical feedstock. The lessons include an activity on soybean processing, two laboratory based experiments (testing and separating biomolecules in soybean) and an assignment for student to investigate soybean products and share out their findings.

Andrea Harpen, Chemistry and Physics Teacher at ...

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) have found increasing application in the analysis of biological samples. Using these techniques to solve problems in analytical chemistry should be an essential component of the training of undergraduate chemists. We present an experiment that teaches students how to ...

This study explores the synthesis and application of poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-styrene) (PGS) emulsions as formaldehyde-free curing agents for soy-based wood adhesives. The research demonstrates that PGS, synthesized via emulsion polymerization, effectively enhances the water resistance of soybean flour (SF)-based adhesives used in plywood manufacturing. Key variables such as PGS/SF weight ...

This peer-reviewed study presents a novel chemical modification strategy for epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) to develop biobased lubricants with improved oxidative stability and low-temperature performance. ESO was ring-opened using alcohols in the presence of sulfuric acid and then esterified with acid anhydrides to yield functionalized fluids. These fluids demonstrated improved pour points (as low ...

This Learning Object explores a Green Chemistry approach to creating renewable, bio-based materials. Based on "One-step acrylation of soybean oil for the preparation of SO-based macromonomers" introduces an efficient, one-step method for acrylating soybean oil using acrylic acid and BF₃·Et₂O as a catalyst. The process avoids multi-step syntheses, enhances atom economy, and produces macromonomers ...

This learning object explores the preparation and characterization of lubricant basestocks synthesized from epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and 2-ethylhexanol (2-EH). The study investigates the reaction pathways—primarily epoxy ring-opening and transesterification—using different catalysts, and evaluates the resulting products in terms of viscosity, pour point, viscosity index, and oxidative ...

This learning object examines the development of environmentally friendly pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) synthesized from epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and bio-based dicarboxylic acids via an epoxide–acid reaction. The study investigates the influence of crosslinking density, monomer ratios, and curing conditions on adhesive performance, including tack, peel strength, and shear resistance. The ...

The article "Incorporating Glycochemistry into the Undergraduate Laboratory Curriculum: Isolation and Analysis of Soybean Glycoprotein β-Conglycinin" addresses the underrepresentation of glycoscience in undergraduate biochemistry labs by introducing a multiweek experimental series. Students isolate β-conglycinin from soy flour and analyze it using SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. They also apply a ...

This educational resource presents a hands-on outreach demonstration to explore the concepts of green polymer chemistry and sustainability. The lesson focuses on reprocessable polymer networks—a key innovation in sustainable material development—using common household ingredients such as vegetable oils, citric acid, and baking soda. Students learn about the environmental challenges posed by ...

This Learning Object introduces students to the rheological behavior of soybean oil with nano-additives (graphite, graphene, and nanocarbon) as a pathway to developing biodegradable lubricants. Using experimental data and mathematical modeling (power law and temperature-dependent viscosity equations), the study examines how nano-additives influence viscosity, thixotropy, and flow properties. This ...

This article explores the role of biodiesel as a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based fuels, highlighting its historical context, chemical principles, and practical applications. It discusses the contributions of Rudolph Diesel, who originally designed his engine to run on vegetable oil, and examines the modern shift toward biodiesel as an environmentally friendly solution to energy ...

This Learning Object introduces students to Green Chemistry principles through a case study on recyclable flexible polyurethane foams (PUFs) using renewable soy-based polyols. Based on “Scalable manufacturing and reprocessing of vitrimerized flexible polyurethane foam (PUF) based on commercial soy polyols” the study demonstrates how commercial soy polyols can partially replace petrochemical ...

This review chapter "Soy-Based Chemicals and Materials: Growing the value chain" documents the use of soy as a biomaterial and green alternative to traditional feedstocks. Within this article, current industrial uses of soybeans are discussed including solvents, oleochemicals and surfactants, paints, coatings, inks, plastics, plasticizers and others are highlighted. Then, four of the Presidential ...

Overview: This comprehensive review explores how carbohydrate-rich byproducts from soybean processing—such as soybean hulls, meal, molasses, and okara—can be repurposed as fermentation feedstocks to produce biofuels, enzymes, and specialty chemicals. The paper emphasizes the potential of these underutilized materials in building a sustainable, soy-based biorefinery platform.

Citation: Brentin, R ...

This lab series challenges students to make and analyze biodiesel using soybean oil as a renewable fuel. It aligns with the NGSS Energy standards for K-12 classrooms. The lesson encourages students to tackle global issues with evidence and scientific reasoning. This lab enhances discussions on energy by exploring biodiesel as an alternative to petroleum-based diesel.

Full citation: Rosa, P. D. L ...

This study introduces a sustainable, styrene-free thermoset composite derived from acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) and reinforced with hybrid fibers sourced from recycled PET, bamboo, polyester, and ethylene-propylene (ES) fibers. To replace toxic and volatile styrene, the researchers synthesized glyceryl trimethacrylate (GTMA) from biodiesel-derived glycerol as a bio-based reactive ...

The integration of green chemistry principles in academics reflects growing student interest in renewable resources and environmental sustainability, driven by increasing awareness of global climate change. Educators must continually expand their green chemistry pedagogy to align with current industry and research trends. In this article, the synthesis of epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) was explored ...

This learning object explores the thermo-rheological and tribological behavior of various vegetable oils—specifically low- and high-oleic soybean oil, high-oleic sunflower, safflower, and canola oils—as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based lubricants in metal machining. The study evaluates key properties such as viscosity index, flow behavior index, flow activation energy, specific heat ...