Comparison between Sunflower Oil and Soybean Oil as Gear Lubricant

Although sunflower and soybean oils are relatively safe and biodegradable compared to synthetic petroleum-based lubricants, appropriate safety measures must still be taken during classroom or laboratory experiments—especially when oils are heated or used with mechanical equipment such as a gear test rig.

Both oils have low toxicity and are non-volatile under normal conditions; however, when heated, they can pose a burn hazard and may release vapors if overheated. To minimize risk, proper personal protective equipment (PPE) should be worn, including safety goggles, a lab coat, and heat-resistant gloves. The use of oils in heated systems should always be performed in well-ventilated areas to avoid the accumulation of fumes from thermal degradation.

Special attention should be given to the use of mechanical equipment. The gear test rig used in the original study presents physical hazards such as moving parts that may cause pinch or entanglement injuries. Operators must ensure all machine guards are in place and should avoid wearing loose clothing or accessories that could become caught in the apparatus. Additionally, oil spills are a common hazard—both sunflower and soybean oils are slippery, and any spills should be cleaned immediately using absorbent materials and appropriate cleaning agents to prevent slips and falls.

While sunflower oil poses minimal risk, soybean oil can be a mild allergen for sensitive individuals. As a precaution, direct skin contact should be minimized, and students with known soy allergies should not handle it without protection or should be given an alternative.

If the oils are heated, fire safety precautions must also be considered. While the flash points of both oils are relatively high, it’s still essential to keep open flames and high heat sources away from the materials. A Class B fire extinguisher, suitable for flammable liquids, should be readily accessible in the lab.

Waste management is also important. These oils should never be disposed of down sinks or drains. Instead, collect used oils in clearly labeled, sealable containers for proper disposal in accordance with local environmental and hazardous waste protocols. When possible, segregate biodegradable vegetable oil waste from synthetic oils to support sustainable waste treatment practices.

By applying these precautions, educators can ensure student safety while aligning with Green Chemistry Principle 12: Inherently Safer Chemistry for Accident Prevention. These practices not only safeguard the learning environment but also reinforce the principles of sustainability and responsible scientific investigation.